Historical site: UNESCO World Heritage Centre – World Heritage List

UNESCO World Heritage Centre – World Heritage List

  • In 1979, the Committee decided to inscribe the Ohrid Lake on the World Heritage List under natural criteria (iii). In 1980, this property was extended to include the cultural and historical area, and cultural criteria (i)(iii)(iv) were added.

  • Extension of the “Australian East Coast Temperate and Subtropical Rainforest Park”.

    name changed 2007 from ‘Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves (Australia)’

  • Renomination of “Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park” under cultural criteria.

  • The “Belfries of Flanders and Wallonia” which were previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, are part of the transnational property “The Belfries of Belgium and France”.

  • Extension of “Jaú National Park”.

  • Extension of the “Glacier Bay/Wrangell/St Elias/Kluane” property.

  • The “Burgess Shale” property, which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the “Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks”.

  • Extension of “The Potala Palace and the Jokhang Temple Monastery, Lhasa” to include the Norbulingka area.

  • The “Belfries of Flanders and Wallonia” which were previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, are part of the transnational property “The Belfries of Belgium and France”.

  • The “Chateau and Estate of Chambord”, which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the “Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes”.

  • The “Hadrian’s Wall” which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the transnational property “Frontiers of the Roman Empire”.

  • At the time the property was extended, cultural criterion (iv) was also found applicable.

  • The “Brihadisvara Temple, Tanjavur”, which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the “Great Living Chola Temples”.

  • At the time the property was extended, cultural criterion (iv) was also found applicable.

  • At the time the property was extended, criteria (iii) and (v) were also found applicable.

  • The Committee decided to extend the existing cultural property, the “Temple of Ggantija”, to include the five prehistoric temples situated on the islands of Malta and Gozo and to rename the property as “The Megalithic Temples of Malta”.

  • The Westland and Mount Cook National Park and the Fiordland National Park, which were previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, are part of the “Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand”.

  • In 1979, the Committee decided to inscribe the Ohrid Lake on the World Heritage List under natural criteria (iii). In 1980, this property was extended to include the cultural and historical area, and cultural criteria (i)(iii)(iv) were added.

  • The “Convent Ensemble of San Francisco de Lima”, which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the “Historic Centre of Lima”.

  • Extension de « Sites d’art rupestre préhistorique de la vallée de Côa », Portugal

  • Extension of “Biertan and its Fortified Church”.

  • At the time the property was extended, natural criterion (iv) was also found applicable.

  • Extension of the “Alhambra and the Generalife, Granada”, to include the Albayzin quarter.

  • Extension of the “Mosque of Cordoba”.

  • The property “Parque Güell, Palacio Güell and Casa Mila in Barcelona”, previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the “Works of Antoni Gaudí”.

  • Extension of the “Churches of the Kingdom of the Asturias”, to include monuments in the city of Oviedo.

  • Extension of the “Mudejar Architecture of Teruel”.

  • Extension de « Sites d’art rupestre préhistorique de la vallée de Côa », Portugal

  • Following a survey of ownership carried out in the late 1960s, ownership of the totality of the walls was vested in 1973 in the Spanish State, through the Ministry of Education and Science. It was transferred to the Xunta de Galicia by Royal Decree in 1994.

     The Spanish Constitution reserves certain rights in relation to the heritage to the central government. However, these are delegated to the competent agencies in the Autonomous Communities, in this case the Xunta de Galicia. For the Lugo walls the Xunta is in the position of both owner and competent agency. Under the Galician Heritage Law the Xunta is required to cooperate with the municipal authorities in ensuring the protection and conservation of listed monuments, and certain functions are delegated down to them. The Xunta operates through its General Directorate of Cultural Heritage (Dirección General de Patrimonio Cultural), based in Santiago de Compostela.

    The Master Plan for the Conservation and Restoration of the Roman Walls of Lugo (1992) covered proposals for actions to be taken in respect of research and techniques of restoration. This was followed in 1997 by the Special Plan for the Protection and Internal Reform of the Fortified Enceinte of the Town of Lugo, which is concerned principally with the urban environment of the historic town. However, it has a direct impact on the protection afforded to the walls, in terms of traffic planning, the creation of open spaces, and regulation of building heights. Another planning instrument which affects the walls is the Special Plan for the Protection of the Miño [river], approved by the municipality at the beginning of 1998.

    There is at the present time no management plan sensu stricto for the walls in operation in Lugo: work is continuing on the basis of the 1992 plan. Nor is there a technical unit specifically responsible for the conservation and restoration of the walls. It is against this background that serious consideration is being given to the creation of an independent foundation, under royal patronage and with representatives from government, academic, voluntary, and business institutions, to work with the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Galicia. The work plan of this body would include the development and implementation of integrated conservation, restoration, and maintenance programmes.

  • The WH area is managed directly by the Divisional Forest Officer from the Forest Dept. A national steering Committee co-ordinates institutions for Sinharaja as a National Wilderness Area, Biosphere Reserve (1988), and WH site. There are two management plans, prepared in 1985/86 and 1992/94, which emphasise conservation, scientific research, buffer zone management, benefit-sharing, and community participation.

  • The “Hadrian’s Wall” which was previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, is part of the transnational property “Frontiers of the Roman Empire”.

  • Extension of “Gough Island Wildlife Reserve”.

  • (renomination under cultural criteria)

  • Extension of the “Glacier Bay/Wrangell/St Elias/Kluane” property.

  • #: As for 19 Natural and Mixed Properties inscribed for geological values before 1994, criteria numbering of this property has changed. See Decision 30.COM 8D.1

    Historic Adventures | Minnesota Historical Society

    Create your own adventure at MNHS historic sites and museums around Minnesota. Get out and explore our state’s stories!

    Amazing adventures await

    MNHS historic sites and museums offer unique insights into Minnesota’s past and present.

    Come explore the lives of lumberjacks, learn about present-day Native American culture and how history shaped it, step into the world of famous Minnesotans, or take in spectacular views!

    Learn about our historic sites and museums

    In the metro

    • Alexander Ramsey House
      St. Paul
    • Historic Fort Snelling
      St. Paul
    • James J. Hill House
      St. Paul
    • Mill City Museum
      Minneapolis
    • Minnehaha Depot
      Minneapolis
    • Minnesota History Center
      St. Paul
    • Minnesota State Capitol
      St. Paul
    • Oliver Kelley Farm
      Elk River
    • Sibley Historic Site
      Mendota

    In Greater Minnesota

    • Birch Coulee Battlefield
      Morton
    • Charles Lindbergh House and Museum
      Little Falls
    • Comstock House
      Moorhead
    • Folsom House
      Taylors Falls
    • Forest History Center
      Grand Rapids
    • Fort Ridgely
      Fort Ridgely State Park
    • Harkin Store
      New Ulm
    • Historic Forestville
      Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park
    • Jeffers Petroglyphs
      Comfrey
    • Lac qui Parle Mission
      Montevideo
    • Lower Sioux Agency
      Morton
    • Marine Mill
      Marine on St. Croix
    • Mille Lacs Indian Museum and Trading Post
      Onamia
    • Snake River Fur Post
      Pine City
    • Split Rock Lighthouse
      north of Two Harbors
    • Traverse des Sioux
      St. Peter
    • W. W. Mayo House
      Le Sueur

     

    Alexander Ramsey House

    Built for Minnesota’s controversial first territorial governor, this residence—one of the nation’s best-preserved Victorian-era homes—will immerse you in 1870s life and the spirit of the times through special events and holiday programs.

    • Over 14,000 original furnishings
    • Museum store

    265 S. Exchange St.
    St. Paul, MN 55102
    Google Map of Alexander Ramsey House
    Admission & Hours: 651-296-8760

    Alexander Ramsey House website

    Birch Coulee Battlefield

    Guideposts pinpoint the US and Dakota positions at the site of one of the hardest-fought battles in the US-Dakota War of 1862.

    • Self-guided prairie trail
    • Markers with accounts of the battle by an Army captain and a Mdewakanton (Dakota) soldier

    Jct of Renville Cty Hwy 2 and Hwy 18
    Morton, MN 56270
    Google Map of Birch Coulee Battlefield
    Admission & Hours: Free, dawn to dusk. 800-657-3773

    Birch Coulee Battlefield website

    Charles Lindbergh House and Museum

    A national historic landmark. Explore the complicated legacy of the celebrated aviator as you tour his childhood home, view historic flight footage, browse museum exhibits, and sit in a replica of Lindbergh’s “Spirit of St. Louis” cockpit.

    • Guided house tours & events
    • Exhibits on Lindbergh’s aviation, inventions, environmental activism & political controversy
    • Riverside walking trail
    • Museum store

    1620 Lindbergh Drive S.
    Little Falls, MN 56345
    Google Map of Charles Lindbergh House and Museum
    Admission & Hours: 320-616-5421

    Charles Lindbergh House and Museum website

    Comstock House

    Learn the story of the pioneering Comstocks and their impact on history as you tour their 1883 family home, which showcases ornate Queen Anne and Eastlake furniture and tapestries.

    • Guided tours & seasonal events
    • Managed by The Historical and Cultural Society of Clay County

    506 Eighth St. S.
    Moorhead, MN 56560
    Google Map of Comstock House
    Admission & Hours: 218-291-4211

    Comstock House website

    Folsom House

    Tour the meticulously restored 1855 New England style home of W.H.C. Folsom—Maine transplant turned lumber baron and Minnesota state senator.

    • American Empire & Louis XV Revival furniture
    • St. Croix River views
    • Historic Angel Hill District location
    • Managed by Taylors Falls Historical Society

    272 West Government Street
    Taylors Falls, MN 55084
    Google Map of Folsom House
    Admission & Hours: 651-465-3125

    Folsom House website

    Forest History Center

    Meet lumberjacks, climb a 100-ft. 1930s fire tower, board the floating cook shack, and enjoy nature programs and events at this interactive logging camp.

    • Blacksmith, cook, lumberjacks & draft horses
    • Exhibits on ecology & forestry
    • Timber harvester simulator
    • GeoTrack program
    • Walking/ biking/XC ski trails
    • Museum store

    2609 County Road 76
    Grand Rapids, MN 55744
    Google Map of Forest History Center
    Admission & Hours: 218-327-4482

    Forest History Center website

    Fort Ridgely

    Interpretive ground markers and exhibits tell the tale of this 1853 military outpost, which saw combat during the US-Dakota War of 1862.

    • Reconstructed foundations of 1853 fort
    • Commissary building restored by the Veterans Conservation Corps
    • Managed by Nicollet County Historical Society
    • State Park vehicle permit required

    72404 County Road 30
    (Located within Fort Ridgely State Park, off MN Hwy. 4)
    Fairfax, MN 55332
    Google Map of Fort Ridgely
    Admission & Hours: 507-628-5591

    Fort Ridgely website

    Harkin Store

    Step into an authentic general store, just as it was in 1871. Play a game of checkers by the stove and enjoy views of the Minnesota River from the front porch. Programs every Sunday, May–mid-Oct.

    • Costumed guides
    • Museum store
    • Managed by Nicollet County Historical Society

    66250 County Road 21
    New Ulm, MN
    Google Map of Harkin Store
    Admission & Hours: 507-628-5591

    Harkin Store website

    Historic Forestville

    A new 45-minute tour will illuminate the 1853–1910 history of this site as you visit the historic house, office, store, garden, and barn. Explore questions about the choices and changes that faced the inhabitants of this area—from ancient peoples to today’s residents. Round out the visit with a game of croquet or horseshoes on the lawn.

    • Special events
    • Museum store
    • State Park vehicle permit required

    21899 County Road 118
    (Located within Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park)
    Preston, MN 55965
    Google Map of Historic Forestville
    Admission & Hours: 507-765-2785

    Historic Forestville website

    Historic Fort Snelling

    A national historic landmark. Explore the voices and stories of the men, women, and children who crossed paths here over the centuries—from the Dakota, Ojibwe, and enslaved and free African Americans, to fur traders, immigrants, soldiers, and veterans.

    • Costumed history players and non-costumed interpreters
    • Demonstrations of historical games, skills & military tactics
    • Self-guided & theme tours
    • Activity stations
    • Exhibits
    • Programs & events
    • Dred & Harriet Scott’s 1836–1840 living quarters
    • Museum store

    200 Tower Ave.
    (Adjacent to Fort Snelling State Park)
    St. Paul, MN 55111
    Google Map of Historic Fort Snelling
    Admission & Hours: 612-726-1171

    Historic Fort Snelling website

    James J. Hill House

    A national historic landmark. Explore upstairs and downstairs life in Minnesota’s Downton Abbey—a 36,000-square-foot Gilded Age mansion built for James J. Hill, railroad titan and empire-builder.

    • Guided tours, art exhibits & special events
    • Original stained glass, woodwork & chandeliers
    • Museum store

    240 Summit Avenue
    St. Paul, MN 55102
    Google Map of James J. Hill House
    Admission & Hours: 651-297-2555

    James J. Hill House website

    Jeffers Petroglyphs

    Older than Stonehenge. Find sacred Native American rock carvings of buffalo, turtles, thunderbirds, and humans in a native prairie setting.

    • Estimated 5,000 carvings up to 7,000 years old
    • Tallgrass prairie including over 300 species of prairie plants
    • Special events
    • Guided tours
    • Museum store

    27160 County Road 2
    Comfrey, MN 56019
    Google Map of Jeffers Petroglyphs
    Admission & Hours: 507-628-5591

    Jeffers Petroglyphs website

    Lac qui Parle Mission

    Explore exhibits and artifacts illuminating the history of this reconstructed 1835 mission, where the first Dakota dictionary, grammar, and gospel were completed.

    • Chapel built in 1940s by Works Progress Administration (WPA)
    • Managed by Chippewa County Historical Society

    Jct of Chippewa County Hwy. 13 and County Rd. 32
    Montevideo, MN 56265
    Google Map of Lac qui Parle Mission
    Admission & Hours: 320-269-7636

    Lac qui Parle Mission website

    Lower Sioux Agency

    Learn about the causes of the US-Dakota War of 1862 through special programs and exhibits, in the place where the war’s first attack took place.

    • Exhibit on Dakota culture
    • Minnesota River trails
    • Museum store
    • Managed by Lower Sioux Indian Community

    32469 Redwood County Hwy. 2
    Morton, MN 56270
    Google Map of Lower Sioux Agency
    Admission & Hours: 507-697-8673

    Lower Sioux Agency website

    Marine Mill

    Interpretive signs guide you through the story of Minnesota’s first commercial sawmill, built in 1839.

    • Scenic walking trail above sawmill foundation ruins and views of Mill Stream and falls
    • Managed by the City of Marine on St. Croix

    Judd Street
    Marine on St. Croix, MN 55047
    Google Map of Marine Mill
    Admission & Hours: Free, dawn to dusk. 651-433-3636

    Marine Mill website

    Mill City Museum

    A national historic landmark. Built within the ruins of what was once the world’s largest flour mill, this fun, interactive museum invites the whole family to ride the Flour Tower elevator, experience hands-on fun in the Water & Baking Labs, and enjoy rooftop views of the Mississippi River, St. Anthony Falls, and lock and dam.

    • Award-winning short film, Minneapolis in 19 Minutes Flat!
    • Special events
    • Exhibits
    • Museum store & café

    704 South 2nd St.
    Minneapolis, MN 55401
    Google Map of Mill City Museum
    Admission & Hours: 612-341-7555

    Mill City Museum website

    Mille Lacs Indian Museum and Trading Post

    Explore Ojibwe culture and history through videos, exhibits, demos, and activities at this interactive museum, and shop for a wide selection of Native American art by local and regional artists in the adjacent 1930s trading post.

    • Traditional Ojibwe garden
    • Tour of Four Seasons Room, with life-sized dioramas
    • Museum store

    43411 Oodena Dr.
    Onamia, MN 56359
    Google Map of Mille Lacs Indian Museum and Trading Post
    Admission & Hours: 320-532-3632

    Mille Lacs Indian Museum and Trading Post website

    Minnehaha Depot

    Visit “The Princess,” an authentic 1875 gingerbread-style train depot built along the first Minneapolis-to-Chicago rail line—located within walking distance of the famed Minnehaha Falls.

    • Managed by the Minnesota Transportation Museum

    Minnehaha Park
    (Hwy 55 & Minnehaha Parkway)
    Minneapolis, MN 55417
    Google Map of Minnehaha Depot
    Admission & Hours: 651-228-0263

    Minnehaha Depot website

    Minnesota History Center

    This action-packed museum stimulates your curiosity about Minnesota stories, people, and history through permanent and changing exhibits, programs, and events.

    • Exhibits include Then Now Wow and Minnesota’s Greatest Generation
    • Concerts, lectures & other events
    • History learning stations & history players
    • Museum store & café

    345 W. Kellogg Blvd.
    St. Paul, MN 55102
    Google Map of Minnesota History Center
    Admission & Hours: 651-259-3000

    Gale Family Library at the Minnesota History Center

    Research your family history and much more at this important library and repository of state archives. Free and open to the public.
    Hours: 651-259-3300

    Minnesota History Center website

    Minnesota State Capitol

    Tour a newly restored masterpiece by influential architect Cass Gilbert, featuring the second-largest self-supporting marble dome in the world.

    • State Senate, House & Supreme Court chambers
    • Civil War & Spanish- American War flags
    • Decorative & fine art throughout building
    • Monuments on Capitol Mall
    • Guided tours

    75 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd.
    St. Paul, MN 55155
    Google Map of Minnesota State Capitol
    Admission & Hours: 651-296-2881

    Minnesota State Capitol website

    Snake River Fur Post

    Formerly North West Company Fur Post. Meet a voyageur and other costumed interpreters, visit an Ojibwe encampment, and try out wood carving or other traditional skills. This museum and reconstructed 1804-era trading post focus on the intersection of voyageurs, fur traders, and Ojibwe culture.

    • Guided tours
    • Exhibits on the fur trade
    • Demonstrations
    • Snake River heritage trails
    • Museum store

    12551 Voyageur Lane
    Pine City, MN 55063
    Google Map of Snake River Fur Post
    Admission & Hours: 320-629-6356

    Snake River Fur Post website

    Oliver Kelley Farm

    A national historic landmark. See, touch, do, and taste as you learn the story of Minnesota farming, food, and agriculture—past and present.

    • Modern Farm Lab, fields & barn
    • Learning Kitchen
    • 1860s farmstead, fields & garden
    • Heritage & modern breeds of farm animals
    • 2.5-mile Mississippi River trail
    • Museum store

    15788 Kelley Farm Rd.
    Elk River, MN 55330
    Google Map of Oliver Kelley Farm
    Admission & Hours: 763-441-6896

    Oliver Kelley Farm website

    Sibley Historic Site

    Explore the many faces of the state’s first governor, Henry Sibley, a fur trader who lived at this site. Through events and seasonal guided tours, you can explore four of Minnesota’s oldest surviving buildings and learn about Mendota’s past.

    • Managed by Dakota County Historical Society

    1357 Sibley Memorial Hwy.
    Mendota, MN
    Google Map of Sibley Historic Site
    Admission & Hours: 651-452-1596

    Sibley Historic Site website

    Split Rock Lighthouse

    A national historic landmark. One of Minnesota’s best-known landmarks, this North Shore icon was built after a rash of 1905 shipwrecks. Enjoy spectacular Lake Superior views and photo opportunities, plus guided tours of the restored lighthouse and keeper’s home.

    • Film & exhibits, including an exhibit on Lake Superior shipwrecks
    • Costumed guides
    • Museum store

    3713 Split Rock Lighthouse Rd.
    Two Harbors, MN 55616
    Google Map of Split Rock Lighthouse
    Admission & Hours: 218-226-6372

    Split Rock Lighthouse website

    Traverse des Sioux

    At this centuries-old Minnesota River crossing—the site of the 1851 US-Dakota land treaty—you can walk trails and view exhibits on the treaty, Dakota culture, and the fur trade.

    • Adjacent to the Treaty Site History Center
    • Managed by Nicollet County Historical Society

    1851 N. Minnesota Avenue
    St. Peter, MN 56082
    Google Map of Traverse des Sioux
    Admission & Hours: 507-934-2160

    Traverse des Sioux website

    W.

    W. Mayo House

    Tour the handbuilt 1859 home and furnishings of the first Dr. Mayo of Mayo Clinic fame and his medical practice—a home later owned by a founder of Minnesota Valley Canning (Green Giant).

    118 N. Main St.
    Le Sueur, MN 56058
    Google Map of W. W. Mayo House
    Admission & Hours: 507-665-3250

    W. W. Mayo House website

     

     

    The easiest way to access one (or all) of these adventures is with an MNHS membership. Members get FREE access to all MNHS sites and discounts on purchases.

    History. Historical site

    We are glad to welcome you to our historical site !

    Our site is dedicated to history and related disciplines. The main goal of our portal is to popularize historical knowledge, to help students and schoolchildren. Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky wrote: “Why do people love to study their past, their history so much? Probably the same reason why a person, having stumbled from a running start, likes, having risen, to look back at the place of his fall. 0007 . We hope that our site on history will be useful to you.

    We post works of various formats on the site – articles, notes, reports and other materials in section “Articles and notes” . These are our own works on history, and the works of our friends and acquaintances. This section consists of subsections: Archeology, General history, Historical poetry and prose, History of the Penza region, History of Russia, Useful and interesting sites and Miscellaneous. This division is due to the currently available work.

    In addition, competitions of historical works are held on our historical site More details here.

    If you want to place your work on historical topics on our site, then, after registering, offer your material on the appropriate page. By posting works on our website, you give the opportunity to read them and get acquainted with your work, views on a certain historical problem, express your attitude towards them, your position on certain historical issues.



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    News of Regional Branches

    The first regional historical dictation on the eve of the day of national unity

    On November 1, the First regional historical dictation took place in the Orenburg region – an innovative historical and educational event designed to draw the attention of the inhabitants of the region to our History, its most important events.

    Online project about Mikhail Prishvin launched in Smolensk

    With the support of the History of the Fatherland Foundation, the historical and educational online project Smolensk Text: Prishvin Chapters was successfully implemented, timed to coincide with the 150th anniversary of Mikhail Prishvin.

    A new virtual tour is presented on the website of the Astrakhan Museum-Reserve

    An online version of the exhibition “Islam in the history of the Lower Volga region” was presented on the website of the Astrakhan Museum-Reserve.

    All news of RIO regional branches >>

    Historians’ shop

    War. Revolution. Exodus. Looking Through the Window of Family History

    The revolutionary events of 1917 in Russia divided the country into two opposing camps. Despite ideological differences, both sides were actually homogeneous in their social composition: officers, workers, peasants and ordinary soldiers were in the ranks of both the Red and White armies.

    First steps to the market. The return of private banks to the USSR

    One of the most decisive steps towards the market during the perestroika period was the commercialization of the banking sector, which began in the second half of the 1980s. the formation of the first cooperative and commercial banks since the time of the NEP.

    1954, Ukraine: 300 years together with the Russian people. History pages

    Among the events of the first post-war decade in the USSR, one of the most notable is the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia. On January 18, 1654 (according to the new style), the Pereyaslav Rada, headed by the hetman of the Zaporizhzhya army, Bogdan Khmelnitsky, adopted the historic act “to be with Moscow”, i.e. become part of the Russian state.

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    Tribune

    Speech by Yefim Pivovar at the III All-Russian Congress of Teachers of History and Social Science

    Text of the speech of the President of the Russian State University for the Humanities, member of the Council of the Russian Historical Society Efim Pivovar at the III All-Russian Congress of Teachers of History and Social Science

    Dramatic space of revolutionary reality – spheres of cultural and spiritual life

    Continuing the story of the International Scientific Conference “The Great Russian Revolution: One Hundred Years of Study”, held by the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the Russian Historical Society, the Federal Archival Agency, the State Historical Museum and with the support of the History of the Fatherland Foundation on October 9-11, 2017 , let’s turn to two bright reports.

    World War, European Culture, Russian Revolt: Rethinking the Events of 1917

    The current historiographic situation in relation to the problems of the history of the revolution of 1917 does not seem optimistic to me. Nevertheless, I would like to draw attention to a noticeable shift: the revolution is directly associated with the First World War – the proximity of 100-year-old commemorations affected. Of course, one might say that this idea is by no means new: even V.I. Lenin pointed out this connection, albeit in a special context.

    More Tribune materials >>

    Monographic

    Collective portrait of German political emigrants

    In 1933, after the establishment of Hitler’s dictatorship, approximately 500,000 Germans had to seek salvation outside of Germany.
    1 Tischler C. Flucht in die Verfolgung: Deutsche Emigranten im sowjetischen Exil (1933 bis 1945). Münster, 1995. S. 226. .
    The Soviet Union became a refuge mainly for left-wing intellectuals and communists.

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