Spain primary language: Languages spoken in Spain

Languages spoken in Spain

With a population of 46.94 million inhabitants, different languages are spoken in Spain, both official and dialectal languages, and foreign languages (the latter predominantly among the immigrant population).

Índice de contenido

• 1 Official languages of Spain
  • 1.1 Spanish or Castilian
  • 1.2 Catalan
  • 1.3 Galician
  • 1.4 Basque
  • 1.5 Aranese
• 2 Minority languages in Spain
• 3 Foreign languages spoken in Spain

Official languages of Spain

There are five official languages in Spain: Castilian, Catalan, Galician, Basque and Aranese (which has only 2,800 native speakers).

The most common language in Spain is Spanish which is currently spoken by 94% of the total population as their first or second language. This is followed by Catalan (16%), Galician (5.64%) and Basque (1.26%).

Spanish or Castilian

In Spain, the name Castilian is used to refer to the Spanish language. The word Castilian comes from the province of Castile in central Spain, where this language originated.

Castilian is a Romance language that emerged as a dialect in Cantabria in northern Spain and includes between 3,000 and 4,000 Arabic words. After it joined with the Kingdom of Castile and León, it became the state’s official language in the Middle Ages.

Castilian is the most prevalent language and is the only language that all the regions of Spain have in common. In all public signage, official bodies and education, Castilian is always used as the dominant language.

Catalan

Catalan is another of the Romance languages spoken in Spain and, specifically, in Catalonia in the north-east of the country. Catalan is one of the three co-official languages in Catalonia, together with Castilian and Aranese.

The history of Catalan goes back to the 8th century and, in the 12th century, it started to extend southwards. In 1979 and 1983, Catalan was accepted as an individual language and became Catalonia’s official language.

Catalan is also spoken in Valencia (south-eastern Spain), the Balearic Islands, the east of Aragon (north-eastern Spain), the South of France and Alghero on the Italian island of Sardinia. In these regions, Catalan has different dialects that mean some speakers even think that their language is different to Catalan (this is the case of some speakers of Valencian).

Currently, 16% of the Spanish population speaks Catalan and it is the mother tongue of 8.45%.

Galician

Galician is a Romance language which is primarily spoken in Galicia, in the north-west of Spain. Nearly 5.6% (2.6 million people) of the total population of Spain speaks Galician.

Galician has many similarities with Portuguese; both languages share the same origin. The vocabulary and grammar are very similar, but the pronunciation has evolved differently.

Basque

Basque is the language spoken in the Basque Country in northern Spain, where there are around 700,000 speakers.

Linguistically speaking, Basque is a language isolate that is not connected in any way with other European languages or any other living language. Only 1.26% of the inhabitants in Spain speak Basque and only 0.9% consider it their mother tongue.

Aranese

Aranese (or Occitan) is a Romance language that is predominantly spoken in Val d’Aran, the South of France, Monaco and in some areas of Italy.

Aranese is closely related with Catalan, with which it shares many linguistic characteristics and a common origin. In Spain, Aranese was considered a dialect until the Parliament of Catalonia declared it the official language in Catalonia in the year 2010.

Less than 3,000 people in Spain speak Aranese and there are only one and a half million speakers in Europe.

Minority languages in Spain

In Spain there are several minority languages that are considered non-official languages or dialects. Some of the inhabitants in these areas consider these minority languages their mother tongue.

– Aragonese: a Romance language which currently has between 30,000 and 50,000 speakers.

– Asturian: a Romance language spoken in the Principality of Asturias in the north-west of Spain by between 100,000 and 450,000 people. Asturian is taught in schools in Asturias between 6 and 18 years of age.

– Benasquese: also called patués by its speakers. It is a Romance dialect spoken in the province of Huesca in north-eastern Spain.

– Cantabrian: a group of dialects that has around 3,000 speakers. In 2009, UNESCO included Cantabrian in its list of endangered languages.

– Eonavian (Galician-Asturian): a set of dialects with approximately 45,000 speakers.

– Extremaduran: it is predominantly spoken in the autonomous community of Extremadura in western Spain by approximately 6,000 people. Its pronunciation system and grammar rules are very similar to Galician, Portuguese and Castilian.

– Fala: a Romance language spoken by some 10,000 people in the Jálama Valley, in the north-east of Extremadura.

– Leonese: a Romance dialect spoken in the province of León in north-western Spain by between 20,000 and 50,000 people. The UN considers it to be highly endangered.

– Murcian Spanish: a regional dialect of the autonomous community of Murcia in south-eastern Spain. Some of its native speakers consider it a language.

– Silbo Gomero: a whistled language based on non-verbal communication. UNESCO included Silbo Gomero in the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009.

Foreign languages spoken in Spain

According to the United Nations, there were nearly 6 million immigrants in Spain at the beginning of 2018, which accounts for 13% of the total population.

1.6 million people from 175 different nationalities live in Barcelona, 20% of whom are foreign residents, which means that some 300 different languages are spoken in the city.

The most spoken foreign languages in Spain are English, French and Romanian. 11.7% of the Spanish population speaks English as their mother tongue or as a foreign language.

Interestingly, Chinese immigrants are among the 10 largest immigrant communities in Spain; however, only 0.1% of the total Spanish population speaks Chinese. Is this due to the difficulties of this language or because the second generations let it fall into disuse?

Tell us what you think in the comments.

Spanish language | History, Speakers, & Dialects

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Key People:

Robert Bly
Anthony Munday
Rosario Ferré
Edward FitzGerald
Gregory Rabassa

Related Topics:

Romance languages
Ladino language
Galician language
Mozarabic language
Castilian dialect

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Summary

Read a brief summary of this topic

Spanish language, Spanish Español, Romance language (Indo-European family) spoken as a first language by some 360 million people worldwide. In the early 21st century, Mexico had the greatest number of speakers (more than 85 million), followed by Colombia (more than 40 million), Argentina (more than 35 million), the United States (more than 31 million), and Spain (more than 30 million).

Distribution

Spanish is the (or an) official language of 18 American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela) as well as of the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, along with Spain in Europe and Equatorial Guinea in Africa.

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Official Languages: Fact or Fiction?

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Although many South and Central Americans use native Indian languages as their first language, Spanish is continuing to spread there. Estimated numbers of speakers (both as a first language and as a second language) are as follows, in order of numerical importance: Mexico, 110 million; Colombia, 41 million; Argentina, about 40 million; Spain, more than 38 million; Venezuela, some 27 million; Peru, 26 million; Chile, more than 16 million; Ecuador, more than 14 million; Cuba, some 11 million; Guatemala, almost 10 million; Bolivia, more than 8 million; the Dominican Republic, more than 8 million; El Salvador, some 6 million; Honduras, 6 million; Nicaragua, almost 6 million; Paraguay, more than 4 million; Costa Rica, about 4 million; Puerto Rico, more than 3 million; Uruguay, more than 3 million; Panama, 3 million; Equatorial Guinea, 627,000 (mostly second language). There are 100,000 to 200,000 speakers of Judeo-Spanish (Ladino), mostly in Israel.

History

Spanish is also known (particularly in Latin America, but increasingly in Spain itself) as Castilian, after the dialect from which modern standard Spanish developed. That dialect arose in Cantabria in the 9th century around the town of Burgos in north-central Spain (Old Castile) and, as Spain was reconquered from the Moors, spread southward to central Spain (New Castile) around Madrid and Toledo by the 11th century. In the late 15th century, the kingdoms of Castile and Leon merged with that of Aragon, and Castilian became the official language of all of Spain. The regional dialects of Aragon, Navarra, Leon, Asturias, and Santander were crowded out gradually and today survive only in secluded rural areas. Galician (a language with many similarities to Portuguese), spoken in northwestern Spain, and Catalan, spoken in eastern and northeastern Spain, were also much reduced but began a resurgence in the late 20th century.

The dialect of Spanish used in Arab-occupied Spain before the 12th century was called Mozarabic. A remarkably archaic form of Spanish with many borrowings from Arabic, it is known primarily from Mozarabic refrains (called kharjahs) added to Arabic and Hebrew poems.

Spanish dialects

Outside the Iberian Peninsula, Spanish is spoken in virtually all of Central and South America except Brazil (where Portuguese is spoken), as well as in the Canary Islands, parts of Morocco, and the Philippines. Latin American Spanish has a number of regional dialects; all are derived from Castilian but differ in several points of phonology from European Spanish. Typical of Latin American Spanish is the use of the /s/ sound where Castilian has the lisplike /th/ sound (for words spelled with a z or c before e or i) and replacement of the Castilian /ly/ sound (spelled ll) with a /y/ sound or even with the /zh/ sound of the z in English azure or the j in French jour.

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In Spanish the case system of Latin has been completely lost except for subject and object forms for pronouns. Nouns are marked for masculine or feminine gender, and plurals are marked by the addition of -s or -es; adjectives change endings to agree with nouns. The verb system is complex but, by and large, regular: it uses indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods; preterite, imperfect, present, future, conditional, and a variety of perfect and progressive tenses; and passive and reflexive constructions.

The dialect spoken by most Spanish speakers is basically Castilian, and indeed Castellano is still the name used for the language in several American countries. The other languages spoken in Spain include Aragonese, Asturian, Basque, Caló, Catalan-Valencian-Balear, Extremaduran, Fala, and Galician. The ascendancy of Castilian among Spanish dialects is the result of the particular circumstances of the Reconquista (the conquest of Moorish Spain by the Christian states of Spain, completed in 1492), with which the language spread to the south. Having established itself in Spain, the Castilian dialect, possibly in its southern, or Andalusian, form, was then exported to the New World during the Age of Discovery from the mid-15th to the mid-16th century.

Standard Castilian is no longer the language of Old Castile, which was regarded as rustic and archaic already in the 15th century, but a modified form developed in Toledo in the 16th and 17th centuries and, more recently, in Madrid. Spanish-language American countries have developed their own standards, differing mainly in phonology (in which they often agree with the southern Spanish dialects) and in vocabulary (in which loanwords from English are more frequent), but differentiation is comparatively slight, and some Americans still regard true Castilian as their model. On the whole, American forms of Spanish are more musical and suave than the Castilian of Madrid, but it is remarkable how little deformation, or creolization, of the language has occurred.

Judeo-Spanish is the continuation of an archaic form of Castilian, reflecting the state of the language before 16th-century standardization. The expulsion of the Jews from the Iberian Peninsula in 1492 affected mainly the humbler classes, with the rich preferring “conversion,” but the latter often later chose voluntary exile to settle in England and the Netherlands, where their Sephardic tongue precariously survives as a religious language in a few communities. Earlier refugees fled to the Middle East and, once settled, continued to produce learned works in a literary archaic form of Castilian written in an adapted Hebrew script.

Written Spanish

The first texts in Spanish consist of scattered words glossing two Latin texts of the 10th century, one from Rioja and the other from Castile; the language in the two documents shows few dialect differences. Another document, written about 980, seems to be Leonese in character. The Mozarabic kharjahs are the next oldest surviving texts, but by the middle of the 12th century, the famous epic poem Cantar de mío Cid (“Song of My Cid”) had appeared in a language that is basically Castilian. Literary works in Leonese appear until the 14th century and in a conventionalized Aragonese until the 15th century, but Castilian was destined from the first to gain the upper hand, even making an impact on Portuguese, especially during the 15th and early 16th centuries. For a full treatment of Spanish-language literature, see Spanish literature; Latin American literature.

Rebecca Posner
Marius Sala
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
90,000 history and culture of the Spanish language.

Did you know that many languages ​​were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the advent of Latin??

Basque, Tartessian, Iberian, Celtic, Celtiberian, Ligurian… these are just some of the languages ​​used before Latin.

There is not much information about these languages, and what is there is rather confusing ☹. Only Basque or Euskera survived, which today is one of the 4 official languages ​​of Spain.

Yes, yes, in Spain we have 4 official languages ​​ . Do you know what they are? Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Galician. Castilian is spoken throughout Spain, but the other three are spoken in different communities. And all of them, except Basque, came from Latin.

The Romans began their conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in the second century BC. in. and, as they took control of the territory, the use of Latin increased.

Cult Latin was not used, as the soldiers used Vulgar Latin for communication and it was this that spread. Thus, little by little, a linguistic unit was created, which did not exist before the arrival of the Romans.

The evangelization of various areas of the peninsula also contributed to the spread of Latin, because Christianity adopted it as an official language.

The pre-Roman languages ​​coexisted with Latin, but gradually disappeared.

Roman domination was so strong that the culture before Roman rule was completely lost, although we still have some words of pre-Roman origin, such as “dog”, “Lanza”, “balsa” o “pond”.

The only surviving language, as we have said, was Basque, because the Basque Country was not dominated like the rest of the Iberian Peninsula. Its geography and the warlike nature of the inhabitants helped them not to be subjugated.

Roman domination influenced not only the language, but also the field of law and religion.

The peninsula was Roman until the beginning of the XNUMXth century AD. in.

History of Spanish

Romance languages ​​ are languages ​​derived from Latin Vulgar : Aragonese, Leonese, Castilian, Galician, Portuguese, Catalan, Provençal, French, Italianian or Sardinian, Romansh, Romanian and Dalmatian.

In the 5th century, the barbarians invaded the Iberian Peninsula and put an end to the possessions. romano.

Of these peoples, the Visigoths stand out, who came in large numbers and adapted to the culture and vulgar Latin that was used in Spain.

These cities also left us some Germanisms, such as “war”, “pride”, “clothes” o “protection”.

The arrival of the Germanic or barbarian peoples caused the appearance of variants of Latin in different areas, such as Galician, Asturian or Spanish or Catalan.

In 711, an Arab invasion took place, which put an end to the Visigothic kingdom and for eight centuries retained power over the Iberian Peninsula.

Why don’t you know what? They also left many words of Arabic origin such as “Albaricoque”, “cotton”, “sewerage”, “pillow” o “cup”.

In Arab-dominated territories, mozarab , a mixture of advanced Latin with many Arabic terms.

What is the origin of the Castilian?

El The Castilian language appeared in Castile and at first many people laughed at it because they thought it was a bit rude (surprised face). It started as a dialect spoken north of Burgos, near Cantabria and the Basque Country.

The first texts in Castilian date back to the XNUMXth century.

In the XNUMXth century, Alfonso X the Wise did a great job of homogenizing and unifying Spanish.

The Mozarabic language gradually disappeared during the Reconquista (1480-1492) and the Castilian language spread throughout the rest of Spain.

Later, with the conquest of America, the language spread throughout Latin America.

Spanish in the world

In 1713 Royal Academy of Spain set the language. Over the years, the institution has adapted to the times and is currently making sure that changes in the language do not break unity.

Later in 1991 Instituto Cervantes , an institution that represents and promotes the Spanish language abroad and which celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2021.

These two institutions are fundamental to the Spanish language.

Cervantes Institute

The Instituto Cervantes is responsible for the worldwide promotion of the teaching, learning and use of the Spanish language and the promotion of Latin American culture abroad. .

This institution is present in 88 cities in 45 countries and has two offices in Spain, one in Madrid and the other in Alcalá de Henares.

What are the aims and functions of the Instituto Cervantes?

We are going to summarize them below, but if you need more information, you can refer to Information about the Cervantes Institute

• It organizes general and special Spanish courses outside of Spain.
• Issues official Spanish DELE diplomas and organizes DELE examinations.
• Conducts teacher training.
• Spread the Spanish language and culture in Spanish.
• Conduct cultural activities with other Spanish or Latino organizations.
• It operates the largest network of Spanish libraries in the world.
• Publish numerous digital resources

So many things! IS IT TRUE?

Which countries speak Spanish as their mother tongue

Spanish is the second mother tongue in the world

Only Chinese is ahead with over 900 million speakers.

Did you know Spanish is the official language in 21 countries ?

In Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, Uruguay, Venezuela and Puerto Rico Spanish is the official language.

Spanish or Castilian

Spanish is also called Castilian. because Castile was the area where this Romanesque modality began to be spoken in the Middle Ages.

But… Is there a difference between Spanish and Castilian?

If you want to know, keep reading.

What is the difference between Castilian and Spanish?

En Latin America Castilian and Spanish are understood as synonyms and depending on Pan-Spanish dictionary service “to denote the common language of Spain and many peoples of the Americas”.

Although both can be used it is more appropriate to use Spanish l because it avoids the ambiguity that can arise when we use Spanish

El term Castellano can be ambiguous because, on the one hand, it refers to the Romance dialect of the Middle Ages, and, on the other hand, to the dialect of Spanish spoken today in Castile. 0003

In Spain, too, uses Castellano when referring to the official language and relating it to the other official languages ​​of Spain: Galician, Catalan or Basque.

Errors in the use of Spanish

Some Spaniards Problems with words like “ Mouse ” , “ towel ” , “ Tramp ” O “ Saint SEPROPRY”. they say “bat”, “towel”, “wanderer” o “September” a lot.

Although they are incorrect, these words appear as they appear in the dictionary, but they are always remi in the correct sense.

Some common grammar mistakes use of the verb to have in the plural when it indicates existence. “ they had a lot of people”, it is correct to say “There were a lot of people”.

O add one -s to the second person singular past indefinite tense . “not to me you said La Verdad” instead of “you didn’t tell me the truth”.

Even the Spaniards doubted many times prepositions, and sometimes they don’t know which one to use r. “I disagree con some of your ideas” instead of “I don’t agree with some of your ideas.”

Other very common mistakes are related to pronouns. e : “ La I said you were tired” instead of “I told him you were tired”.

Spanish curiosities

Spanish is full of peculiarities and interesting facts. Here we leave you 10 to see which one you find more curious…

1. About 70% of Spanish words come from Latin. . Through Latin we also get Greek words such as “surgery”, “comedy” o “stomach”. In the XNUMXth century, the Castilian language took lexical borrowings directly from the Greek language to name new things. For all this 10% of the Spanish vocabulary is Greek. . The remaining 20% ​​are words originating from Arabic and other languages. such as Romance, pre-Roman, Celtic or Latin American languages.
2. Now The Dictionary of the Royal Academy collects 93000 thousand words although it is estimated that the Spaniards have about 300000 people.
3. Spanish is the third most spoken language in the world (native and non-native), after English and Chinese.
4. In 2060, the United States will become the second Hispanic country in the world after Mexico. 27.5% of the US population will be Hispanic.
5. after English, Spanish is the second language in which more scientific papers are published .
6. Spanish is the third most used language on the Internet after English and Chinese.
7. Spanish is present on 5 continents .
8. Spanish is an easy language to learn .
9. In 1994 the letters CH and LL of the alphabet .
10. Do you know which is the most common vowel in Spanish? According to the RAE dictionary, vowel “ e” The most used. and the most used consonants? “ S and” R The most consonants. La 9000 “x” X , k” and w” is less frequent consonants in Spanish.

Spanish as a foreign language

Over 24 million students studied Spanish as a foreign language in 2021, in particular 24.069.206 There is no doubt that Spanish is in vogue.

Spanish competes with French and Chinese for the second place in the ranking of the most studied languages.

¿In 18 of the 27 member states of the European Union, do you think Spanish is the language they would like to learn the most?

Maybe you are not surprised!

The teaching of Spanish as a foreign language Almost 26% of foreign language learners choose Spanish ahead of French or German.

According to some studies, intensive learning of Spanish is mainly associated with commercial exchanges between Spanish-speaking countries and the rest of the world. .

That is among the most important reasons that lead to the study of a foreign language, to choose the Spanish labor.

Another of the most common reasons for choosing Spanish as a second language is studying. , which ultimately also has a working purpose.

Of course, many people learn Spanish for fun or because they are attracted to Spanish culture (music, gastronomy, cinema…). Did you know that in China they say that Spanish is the language spoken with the gods?

What motivates you to learn Spanish?

If you want to learn this beautiful language, in Hispania, escuela de español we offer you a wide range of Variety courses so many Face-to-face courses like online courses to achieve whatever your goals were .

We will be very happy to accompany you on your adventure.

Article written on March Gasco for Hispania, Spanish school

Dialects found in Spanish

Spanish is an official language in Spain itself, as well as in several Latin American countries. In total, more than 500 million people in the world speak Spanish, while for the vast majority it is native. More than 70 million speak it as their second mother tongue, and another 20 learn it as a foreign language. And in the US, Spanish is used even in government organizations on a par with English.

The term “Spanish” usually means Castilian Spanish – this is its main variant. In addition to it, other languages ​​\u200b\u200bare used in Spain: Catalan, Galician, Basque. Strictly speaking, they are languages, not dialects. They have official status in certain regions, they are used in the press and office work, and they are taught in universities.

In Latin America, the language situation is slightly different. In Spanish-speaking countries, the classical (Castilian) version of Spanish is common, but each region has its own characteristics. The dialects of Latin America are a topic for a separate article, but today we will talk directly about Spain and the status of the Spanish language.

Why are there several languages ​​in Spain?

In order to better understand the position of the Spanish language in the Kingdom, it is necessary to have at least a general idea of ​​the administrative division of the country.

Spain is a unitary state, consisting of territorial units, the so-called autonomies. In total, there are 17 of them in the country. Each of the Spanish autonomies has its own rights and freedoms, the widest they are in the Basque Country, Catalonia, Navarre, Galicia and Andalusia. Spanish is the official language in all autonomies, but some of them have their own. Thus, some residents of the country speak two languages ​​equally well.

Catalan, Basque and Galician have semi-official status. In addition to them, the country also has a number of dialects that are not generally recognized. The most popular is Asturian.

Languages ​​in Spain

The Spanish constitution of 1978 made Castilian the official language in the country. Thus, Castilian Spanish is required to know and use all citizens. Castellano (as it is also called) is also dominant in the country: the vast majority of people living here use the language, although some autonomies, as we have already said, use other languages ​​along with it.

Now the Spanish government is also trying to protect local languages ​​from extinction, so special programs are being held in Catalonia, the Basque Country and Galicia to promote them.

But it wasn’t always like that. During the years of Franco’s dictatorship, the use of local languages ​​was strictly forbidden, and Castilian Spanish was planted everywhere.

All Spanish languages ​​(with the exception of Basque) belong to the Romance group and are derived from Latin. However, at the same time, all of them are quite different from each other, the same Catalan language is generally worth studying separately. Knowing Castilian Spanish even perfectly, you are unlikely to understand it.

Castilian is the only official language in most Spanish regions: Asturias, Andalusia, Aragon, Castile-La Mancha, Castile-Leon, Madrid, Murcia, Rioja, Extremadura and the Canary Islands. It is believed that this language appeared in the X century in the mountains of Cantabria, and then began to gradually spread throughout the history of the country, which was greatly facilitated by the Reconquista.

Catalan bears little resemblance to classical Spanish, although, of course, they have common origins. But it is much closer to the French language, which is not surprising, because Catalonia is located on the border with France.

Catalan is also spoken in the Balearic Islands, although it has its own dialectal features there. The so-called Valenciano is common in Valencia and is more of a dialect of Catalan, although some locals will call it a separate language. The classical version of Catalan is found in the autonomy itself, moreover, the most “pure” language is concentrated in the provinces of Barcelona and Girona, as well as in part of the province of Tarragona.

In Galicia, the official language is Galician, which is more like Portuguese than Spanish. More than 60% of the population of the autonomy use it more often than Castilian. Classical Spanish is used in the big cities, and Galician in the countryside.

The Basque language is spoken in the Basque Country itself, as well as in Navarre and a little in the south of France. Interestingly, he does not belong to the Romanesque group.

How many dialects are there in Spain?

If we talk about the dialects of the Spanish language that are found directly in Spain itself, then two main groups can be distinguished: southern and northern.

The northern dialects include Castilian, Rioja, Aragonese, Catalan, Galician and Churro.
• The Castilian dialect is considered a variety of Spanish, which is used in the lands from Cantabria to Cuenca.
• The Rioja dialect is used directly in the Rioja region. It was formed from contacts between speakers of classical Spanish and those who use Basque.
• Aragonese is another variety of classical Spanish that was influenced by the Aragonese language that existed in the Middle Ages.
• The Catalan dialect is a mixture of Castilian and Catalan.
• The Galician dialect emerged from the contacts between Galician and Castilian.
• Churro is a bit similar to the Valencian dialect. It is distributed mainly in the Spanish region of Los Serranos as part of the Valencian community.

The southern dialects include Madrid, La Mancha, Valencian, Murcia, Extremadura, Andalusian and Canarian.
• Madrid is spoken in Madrid itself. It is characterized by the use of jargon and slang.
• La Mancha distributed directly in La Mancha.
•

Valencian Catalan is spoken by the inhabitants of the Valencian Community.

• Murcian is a combination of several dialects used in Murcia.
• Extremadura is typical in the autonomy of Extremadura.
• There are several Andalusian varieties of Spanish, and they are common in Andalusia, Ceuta and Melilla, as well as in Gibraltar. They are the least similar to standard Spanish.
• Canary resembles Andalusian. It is used in the Canaries.

It is worth noting that all these varieties of Spanish today can be found mainly in the speech of older people living in rural areas, and not in big cities.

Dialects have different pronunciations, sometimes lexical features.

Does it make sense to study Spanish dialects?

It makes sense to get acquainted with the above-named dialects only for general development. If Spanish is a foreign language for you, it is better to study its standard version.

In most language schools in Russia, students can only study Castilian Spanish, even Catalan, Galician and Basque are taught much less frequently in the country. Dialects of the Spanish language are usually of interest to those who have decided to connect their lives with one of these Spanish regions.