Spain and puerto rico: The Changing of the Guard: Puerto Rico in 1898
Library of Congress > Researchers > Hispanic Reading Room > World of 1898 1898 HOME > Puerto Rico > The Changing of the Guard: Puerto Rico in 1898 Of all Spanish colonial possessions in the Americas, Puerto Rico is the only territory that never gained its independence. Internal and geopolitical dynamics during After four centuries of Spanish colonial rule, the period between 1860 and 1898 witnessed a Last Decades under Spanish Rule. During the early 1860s, local Spanish authorities, alarmed by conspiracies from separatist groups, By 1867, Puerto Rico had 656,328 inhabitants; its population recorded as 346,437 whites and Many supporters of Puerto Rican independence and others who simply called for liberal reforms Frustrated by the lack of political and economic freedom, and enraged by the continuing Although original plans called for the insurrection to begin on September 29, Spanish authorities Between 1869 and 1873, the establishment of a liberal government in Spain led to ample liberties In 1873, the Spanish Constitutional Monarchy was replaced by a republican government. Between 1876 and 1898, the two liberal wings came together behind the idea of political Towards the end of the 1880s, the island’s population suffered from a severe economic crisis. The Puerto Ricans finally were granted self-government by Spain, when the “Carta The dawn of a new colonial era under the United States. Mahan played a key role in the Spanish-American War, as a military strategist and close advisor During 1894 the first plans for a military conflict with Spain were formulated at the US Naval Accordingly, the US Department of the Navy began operational preparations early in 1898. These The Spanish-American war lasted some four months. On May 1st, US forces destroyed the Although Spanish surrender was certain at this point, the occupation of Puerto Rico followed in President McKinley’s conditions for a peace agreement prevailed throughout the peace The Treaty of Paris gave the United States full control over all former Spanish military Back to top World of 1898 Home | Introduction | Chronology | Index | Bibliography | Literature | Maps | American Memory Library of Congress |
86.02.01: Spain in Puerto Rico: The Early Settlements
The primary purpose of this unit,
Spain in Puerto Rico
:
The Early Settlements
, is to provide the teacher with a useful teaching tool of the early years after the discovery of Puerto Rico by Spain. I have tried to gather in this unit all the information a teacher would need in teaching about Puerto Rico’s Indian and Spanish heritage. To make the presentation more appealing, I have prepared a slide packet to go along with the unit.
A timely reason for preparing this unit is that in 1993, Puerto Rico will celebrate the 500th anniversary of its discovery by Christopher Columbus. This unit will therefore serve as cultural and historical enrichment for students in Spanish, Social Studies, and Bilingual classes in the junior and high school levels. Regular Spanish and Social Studies class students will learn about the culture and history of Puerto Rico and students in the Bilingual Program will be able to relate and reaffirm to their historical and cultural roots.
Life on the island of Boriquén, as the Taino Indians called Puerto Rico, was never the same after the arrival of the Spaniards in 1493. The fate of the Indians and their lifestyle was to disappear. They struggled valiantly but in vain to resist the domination by the conquerors.
The Spaniards’ quest to discover, colonize, and Christianize was unstoppable. The Indians were forced to give up many things: their direct communication with nature, their religion, and their homeland. Time proved that they would be extinct by midsixteenth century. They were forced to build homes, roads, and forts for the intruders and spend hours on end panning for gold. The Indians died because of exhaustion, starvation, desperation with their unexplainable situation, and illnesses unknown to them brought by the colonizers.
The process of colonizing, of building forts and towns, and Christianizing was slow at first and often discouraging. The Spaniards were prepared for dealing with the initial stages of discovering and conquering new lands and people. It was the difficulty in dealing with the magnitude of their enterprise in the New World which proved to be the key to the downfall of the Spanish Empire.
The Taino Indians
When the island of Boriquén, or the Land of the Noble Lord, was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1493, it was inhabited by Taino Indians. Several theories try to explain where they came from originally: possibly from Bimini, now Florida, in a Southward migration of the Archaic Indians and/or from South America in a Northbound migration of the Arawak Indians. Each group had certain characteristics that may have ultimately fused into the Taino Indians.
The earliest inhabitants, arcaicos or the Archaic Indians, were nomadic fishermen and did not know anything about farming, pottery making, stone carving, boat building, or making bows and arrows. The araucos or Arawaks, on the other hand, were farmers, boat builders, pottery makers, stone, wood, and bone carvers, and had bows and arrows. The Arawaks were better prepared on all counts over the Archaic Indians and either eliminated the Archaic Indians altogether or fused them into their culture.
The Arawaks were described by González Fernández de Oviedo, the first historian of the Indies, as being: “of copper colored skin, with straight but thick hair, high cheek bones, black colored eyes slightly oblique in shape. ”
1
Because of the climate, they wore little or no clothing and painted their bodies with red and black resins. Only the married woman wore a sliplike skirt called a
nagua.
There were two phases of development of the Arawak Indian culture, the
igneri
and
taino
. The older of the two, the igneri, excelled in pottery making. The taino phase excelled in stone carving, especially in the elaboration of arrow heads and religious artifacts. The igneri phase has been dated from the year 120 A.D. to around the year 1000 A.D. The taino phase lasted from the year 1000 A.D. until their extinction in the sixteenth century.
The Taino Indians lived in villages called
yucayeques
. There were two kinds of living quarters, the
bohio
, which was circular in shape, and the
caney
, which was larger and rectangular in shape. In this larger structure lived the
cacique
or the chief and the religious leaders. They had a caste system made of the military noblemen or
tainos
, the priests and doctors or
boitis
, and the common folk or
naboris
. They were very religious and worshipped gods that represented the forces of nature. Yukiyu represented the positive forces and Huracan represented the negative ones. The Indians idolized the
cemi
, a stone or clay figure that embodied the good and evil forces.
There were twenty or more villages or yucayeques on the island of Boriquén when the Spaniards arrived. These yucayeques were self-sufficient and selfgoverning, but when an emergency or attack arose they united under the command of Agueybana, the Elder, of Guainia, the principal headquarters on the southwestern end of the island. The Tainos were peace loving but were valiant warriors when they needed to defend themselves. When the Spaniards discovered Puerto Rico, the Tainos were at war with another group of Indians, the maneating Caribs, attacking from the Leeward Islands. These were the general conditions on the island at the time of the arrival of the Spanish conquerors toward the end of the fifteenth century.
Discovery and Conquest of Boriquén
In his letter to the Municipal Council of Seville, in Spain, Diego Alvarez Chanca, a doctor and one of the members of Columbus’ second expedition, wrote: “We traveled by this coast for most of one day until the next day in the afternoon when we spotted another island called
Burenquen
, which coast we followed a full day; it was judged that it was thirty leagues long. This island is very lovely and seems very fertile . . . At a bay on this island we were for two days where many people fled like people afraid of the Caribs. All these islands were discovered on this trail, none of which were seen by the Admiral on the other trip, all are very lovely and of good soil but this one seemed best to all . . . ”
2
The exact point of landing is not known and there are several theories on this issue, but the fact remains that the Spaniards set foot on land on the 19th of November of 1493 by the testimony of Miguel de Cueno, another member of the crew. Columbus named the island, San Juan Bautista, or Saint John the Baptist. The island was named in honor of Juan, the son of the Catholic king and queen of Spain.
Spain in the New World
The end of the fifteenth century marked the unification of Spain through the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabelle, the conquest of Granada, and the discovery of America. Spain became the wealthiest and most powerful nation in Europe. In architecture and in the arts, the Plateresque style, which relied on heavy ornamentation, became popular. The Plateresque style was of two types: Gothic, also known as Isabelline, and Renaissance.
The term Plateresque is used in architectural decoration to refer to its connection with plateria or silverwork. In Spanish architecture, the Plateresque style first consisted of Gothic motifs applied to Gothic constructions, but later these were applied to Renaissance structures or the Renaissance motifs applied to Gothic structures. The Renaissance Plateresque differed from the Isabelline style in that the ornamentation was more controlled and unified, and it also introduced massive effects which displaced Gothic lightness and articulation. The Isabelline Plateresque was the style of the fifteenth century and the Renaissance Plateresque was in vogue in the sixteenth century. Midway in the six-teenth century, the Italianate style, which was very classical and purist in its statement, was imported into Spain from Italy. Its designs were unadorned, symmetrical, but yet elegant. The emphasis was placed on the building itself and not in the decoration as was the emphasis of the Plateresque styles.
The Isabelline and Renaissance Plateresque styles and to some extent the Italianate, were transplanted from Spain to the colonies. On the islands, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico, the architecture was not influenced by any Indian or native element. The buildings were designed and built by Spaniards. The tendency, however, was to simplify the Plateresque style rather than add to it, partly due to the materials available and to economic restraints.
During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the islands became strategic watchpoints in the Atlantic as Spain obtained more riches from its colonies. The new cities were under attack constantly. Massive fortifications were needed to protect the shipments from the Mexican silver and Peruvian gold mines. While the building of the forts went on, little attention was paid to the construction of churches, public buildings, and private homes. The structures within the forts were usually wooden houses and huts.
The 10 Best Vacation Rentals in Puerto Rico, Spain
Review Score
Excellent: 9+
Very good: 8+
Good: 7+
Fairly good: 6+
Our recommendations
Lowest price at the beginning
Number of stars and price
Rating + number of reviews
Apartamentos Monte Verde
Puerto Rico
Offering an outdoor pool, Monte Verde Apartments is located in Puerto Rico de Gran Canaria, close to Puerto Rico, Amadores and Tauro Beaches. The floor is parquet.
The people working here are very kind and caring! They make sure you feel welcome. The rooms are very spacious and clean. The garbage was taken out everyday and fresh towels and sheets were provided. The kitchen has everything you need to cook. The view from the terrace was amazing. The area is very quiet and consequently super close to everything. The beach and supermarkets are 5-10min by foot. The bus stop Puerto Rico is just 1 minute away, from which you can get to everywhere quickly. Overall a very good and relaxing stay. Definitely will come again.
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9.3
Excellent
274 reviews
Check Availability
Sunshine Beach Villas
Puerto Rico
Sunshine Beach Villas is located 500 meters from Playa de Puerto Rico and 1.6 km from Puerto Rico’s Amadores Beach. Each villa has a cozy seating area.
As a family we just had one of the best vacations at Sunshine Beach Villas. Our host and the team on site were just fantastic. No query was an issue and the team were super responsive. The team were so helpful at any time of the day. The location was perfect for us. 5 mins walk to the beach for a swim, local super market. The house itself was immaculate, and it was cleaned 3 times while were there during our stay. Our host was very helpful with local activities and advice in relation to cycling routes and places to visit.
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9
Excellent
134 reviews
Check Availability
Granada II Apartments
Puerto Rico
Set in Puerto Rico, 2.4 km from Playa de Tauro and 4.2 km from Playa de Amadores, Granada II provides pool views, a terrace and free WiFi.
The stuff is super nice.
everything is great.
Would like to come back next time!
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9.2
Excellent
157 reviews
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Mirador del Mar Villas
Puerto Rico
Villa Mirador del Mar is located in the small resort town of Puerto Rico in the south of Gran Canaria, Spain. Europa Shopping Center is a 10-minute walk from the villas.
very clean and spacious great villa for a family vacation
Toni was fantastic to deal with 👌
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9
Excellent
113 reviews
Check Availability
Apartamentos Gelimar
org/PostalAddress”>Puerto Rico
Overlooking Gran Canaria’s Puerto Rico Bay, the family-run Gelimar Apartments offer an outdoor pool surrounded by terraces and gardens.
Location on a quiet street. To the beach on the stairs 10 minutes on foot or down the street 20 minutes. There is a convenience store nearby. The hotel itself is very neat and family run. Pool in the yard. All rooms +/- sea view. Internet is free and fast. The audience at the hotel is mostly families, so everyone sleeps after 11. The room has two bedrooms, a kitchen-living room and a terrace. Great for a family with kids, but I wouldn’t go with 4 adults to the same apartment. The kitchen has a stove, microwave, refrigerator, kettle. The terrace has enough space for a table and 4 chairs. Cleaned up every day. In general, we really liked the place.
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9
Excellent
162 reviews
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Apartamentos Florida Gran Canaria Adults Only
1 stars
Puerto Rico
Florida is a large apartment complex located in the south-east of Gran Canaria. The complex has a swimming pool heated by solar panels.
The absolute best location with no hills to climb.
The host was so attentive to the guest’s needs.
The whole place was spotless.
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9.1
Excellent
548 reviews
Check Availability
Marina Suites Gran Canaria
4 stars
Puerto Rico
This modern aparthotel is located next to the Puerto Rico Marina in Gran Canaria. The infinity pool overlooks the Atlantic Ocean.
The best hotel and best views in Puerto Rico
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9.1
Excellent
560 reviews
Check Availability
Serenity Amadores
org/PostalAddress”>Puerto Rico
The luxurious Serenity Amadores offers a large outdoor pool. It enjoys a quiet location overlooking Amadores Beach in southern Gran Canaria.
The view from the balcony was lovely … the balcony and apartments were a very good size. Everything in the kitchen appeared to be brand new. The pool itself was very nice … think it was heated
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9.2
Excellent
348 reviews
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Villas Opal Anfi Tauro
5 stars
Puerto Rico
The luxurious Anfi Opal villas in south-east Gran Canaria are less than 1 km from the Atlantic Ocean. All have private swimming pools, hot tubs and plasma-screen satellite TVs.
Stunning villa. Had everything you need in a gorgeous location. Hard to fault
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9
Excellent
285 reviews
Check Availability
LOVELY APARTMENT in PUERTO RICO
org/PostalAddress”>Puerto Rico
Within less than 1 km of Playa de Puerto Rico and 2.4 km of Amadores Beach, LOVELY APARTMENT in PUERTO RICO provides free WiFi and an outdoor swimming pool.
It was a perfect experience from start to end! The linen smelt so freshly washed when we arrived and the sofa bed was done for us which was so lovely after our long delayed flight!We did not expect that!The communication with the owner was amazing, Katia was very responsive and so understanding and helpful .We are very grateful to her as our flight back was delayed and we were allowed to stay longer on the leaving day, which was so appreciated! The apartment was beautifully furnished, very cozy and we had everything we needed and more! We would definitely book again!
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9.4
Excellent
14 reviews
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All vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8. 7
amazing
1467 holiday rental reviews
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8.6
amazing
589 holiday rental reviews
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8.0
Very well
508 holiday rental reviews
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8.4
Very well
719 holiday rental reviews
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8.3
Very well
624 holiday rental reviews
Popular with guests booking vacation rentals in Puerto Rico
8.1
Very well
322 holiday rental reviews
Breakfast offered
This modern aparthotel is located next to the Puerto Rico Marina in Gran Canaria. The infinity pool overlooks the Atlantic Ocean.
The best hotel and best views in Puerto Rico
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From € 176 per night
9. 1
Perfect
560 reviews
Breakfast offered
This large and well-equipped apartment complex is located in Puerto Rico, in the south of Gran Canaria. This place is perfect for a fun sunny holiday.
I had such a lovely relaxing time.
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From € 111.61 per night
8.1
Very well
1 814 reviews
Breakfast offered
Morasol Suites is located next to the Puerto Rico Marina in Gran Canaria with beautiful sea views. The distance to the beach is 400 m.
Rooms were clean, comfortable and spacious.
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From € 120 per night
8.3
Very well
59 reviews
Breakfast offered
The apartment complex is located in an elevated position in Puerto Rico in the south of Gran Canaria. It features an outdoor pool and sun terrace with great sea views.
We wasn’t aware we needed to collect the keys from the Hotel Riosol but once we figured this out it. ..
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From € 102.30 per night
6.2
Review score
594 reviews
Breakfast offered
Sunshine Beach Villas is located 500 meters from Playa de Puerto Rico and 1.6 km from Puerto Rico’s Amadores Beach. Each villa has a cozy seating area.
As a family we just had one of the best vacations at Sunshine Beach Villas.
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From € 157.50 per night
9.0
Perfect
134 reviews
Breakfast offered
Set in Puerto Rico, 2.4 km from Playa de Tauro and 4.2 km from Playa de Amadores, Granada II provides pool views, a terrace and free WiFi.
The stuff is super nice. everything is great. Would like to come back next time!
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From € 137.50 per night
9.2
Perfect
157 reviews
Breakfast offered
Villa Mirador del Mar is located in the small resort town of Puerto Rico in the south of Gran Canaria, Spain. Europa Shopping Center is a 10-minute walk from the villas.
very clean and spacious great villa for a family vacation Toni was fantastic to deal with 👌
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From € 169.95 per night
9.0
Perfect
113 reviews
Breakfast offered
Overlooking Gran Canaria’s Puerto Rico Bay, the family-run Gelimar Apartments offer an outdoor pool surrounded by terraces and gardens.
Location on a quiet street. To the beach on the stairs 10 minutes on foot or down the street 20 minutes.
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From € 160 per night
9.0
Perfect
162 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Offering an outdoor pool, Monte Verde Apartments is located in Puerto Rico de Gran Canaria, close to Puerto Rico, Amadores and Tauro Beaches. The floor is parquet.
The people working here are very kind and caring! They make sure you feel welcome.
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From € 63.65 per night
9.3
Perfect
274 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Offering a shared outdoor pool, Nachosol Premium Apartment is located in Puerto Rico. It offers a shared terrace with sun loungers and 2 Balinese beds.
Amazing Apartment with Sea View, Nice Quiet Super for Relax and Chill out
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From € 171.41 per night
8.7
amazing
238 reviews
Free cancellation options available
The Montebello complex offers spacious and well-equipped apartments with large terraces that offer great sea views.The entire complex has free…
value for money!! Big balcony + great view. newly painted rooms.
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From € 82.60 per night
8.0
Very well
508 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Located in Puerto Rico de Gran Canaria, 1. 1 km from Playa de Puerto Rico and 2.7 km from Amadores Beach, Montecarlo Apartamento 11 provides accommodation with amenities such as free WiFi and a TV.
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From € 556.10 per night
4.0
Review score
1 review
Free cancellation options available
Located in Puerto Rico de Gran Canaria, 1.3 km from Playa de Puerto Rico and 1.6 km from Amadores Beach, Balcón de Amadores 2 provides accommodation with amenities such as free WiFi and a TV.
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From € 389.16 per night
8.0
Very well
2 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Apartment Granada II. Apartamento 1 is located in Puerto Rico, just 2.4 km from Playa de Tauro and 2 km from Playa de Amadores.
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From € 975.61 per night
9.5
Fabulous
2 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Boasting mountain views, Sindy Monteparaíso provides accommodation with a terrace and a kettle, around 1. 3 km from Playa de Tauro. It features a patio and pool.
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From € 1,121.23 per night
6.0
Review score
2 reviews
Free cancellation options available
Florida is a large apartment complex located in the south-east of Gran Canaria. The complex has a swimming pool heated by solar panels.
The absolute best location with no hills to climb. The host was so attentive to the guest’s needs.
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From € 132 per night
9.1
Perfect
548 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
The luxurious Serenity Amadores offers a large outdoor pool. It enjoys a quiet location overlooking Amadores Beach in southern Gran Canaria.
The view from the balcony was lovely … the balcony and apartments were a very good size.
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From € 166.50 per night
9. 2
Perfect
348 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
The luxurious Anfi Opal villas in south-east Gran Canaria are less than 1 km from the Atlantic Ocean. All have private swimming pools, hot tubs and plasma-screen satellite TVs.
Stunning villa. Had everything you need in a gorgeous location. Hard to fault
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From € 285 per night
9.0
Perfect
285 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
Within less than 1 km of Playa de Puerto Rico and 2.4 km of Amadores Beach, LOVELY APARTMENT in PUERTO RICO provides free WiFi and an outdoor swimming pool.
It was a perfect experience from start to end!
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From € 75 per night
9.4
Perfect
14 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
Moderno Residencial Puerto Rico Sol Mar y Piscina is located in Puerto Rico. It features a private swimming pool. Playa de Amadores Beach is 2.3 km away.
Beautiful location with a very good view of mogan mall to see the fountains, the apartment was very…
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9.9
Fabulous
10 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
Jumana Apt 107 Gran Canaria is located 400 meters from Puerto Rico Beach and 1 km from Amadores Beach. It offers free Wi-Fi and an outdoor pool.
The property is freshly renovated, clean and perfect for a vacation.
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9.5
Fabulous
10 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
Boasting city views, an outdoor pool and a balcony, Malibu2 Apartment is located around 2.5 km from Playa de Tauro. A patio is available.
Very nice and comfortable apartment with balcony. It was great for us 2.
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9.5
Fabulous
22 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
Featuring pool views, Bonanza Apt 2 Gran Canaria is located around 1.5 km from Playa de Tauro. It features an outdoor pool and a balcony.
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From € 82. 40 per night
9.0
Perfect
7 reviews
Review score: above 8.0
The Views Villa is located in Puerto Rico. The villa has a balcony and air conditioning.
The location was superb, views are exceptional.
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From € 295.90 per night
9.0
Perfect
7 reviews
Many families visiting Puerto Rico enjoyed staying at Moderno Residencial Puerto Rico Sol Mar y Piscina, Villa Luxe Tauro Mogan and MGT – Appartamento sulla Spiaggia con terrazza romantica.
Popular places to stay in Puerto Rico include Apartamentos Monte Verde, Granada II Apartments, and Serenity Amadores.
The average price of a holiday home in Puerto Rico for today is €260.27 (based on Booking.com prices).
On average, Puerto Rico vacation rentals cost €458.01 per night (based on Booking.com prices).
The average price per night for a holiday rental in Puerto Rico for this weekend is €396.11 (based on Booking.com prices).
Jumana Apt 107 Gran Canaria, El Greco, and Mirador del Mar Villas in Puerto Rico have received great reviews for the views from their rooms.
These Puerto Rico vacation rentals are highly rated by couples: PUERTO RICO – a309, Moderno Residencial Puerto Rico Sol Mar y Piscina and The One Luxury Apartments.
- Some of the best accommodations in Puerto Rico near
Playa de Amadores Beach include Serenity Amadores, Perla de Amadores, and Villa Flamboyan.
Struggle of the US Colonies for Self-Determination – Research Portal of the Ural Federal University
After the victory over Spain in the war of 1898, the USA, having taken away Puerto Rico and Guam from Spain, became a colonial empire. Despite the struggle of the population of these territories for the right to self-determination, to this day both territories in many respects remain de facto US colonies. The authors of the article set the task of considering what successes Puerto Rico and Guam have achieved in the struggle for gaining sovereignty. At the same time, both actions are analyzed at the international level – an appeal to UN institutions, and at the national level – in the US Congress. More progress has been made by Puerto Rico in this regard. Unfortunately, this topic has not yet received sufficient coverage in the works of domestic researchers, although for the United States the issues of self-determination of the peoples and territories conquered by the Americans remain extremely relevant and politically painful.
90AK35 9025 List B
- APA
- Author
- BIBTEX
- Harvard
- standard
- RIS
- Vancouver
Piksaeva, K. I., & Pobedash, D. I. (2016). Guam and Puerto Rico: The struggle of the US colonies for self-determination. Bulletin of the Ural Federal University. Series 3: Social Sciences , 155 (11(3)), 206-216.
@article{f02da02f143041af9fe0071e7faaa3b2,
title = “Guam and Puerto Rico: The US Colonial Struggle for Self-Determination”,
abstract = “After defeating Spain in the 1898 war, the United States, having taken Puerto Rico and Guam from Spain, became a colonial empire. Despite the struggle of the population of these territories for the right to self-determination, until now both territories remain in many respects actually colonies of the United States.The authors of the article set the task of considering what successes Puerto Rico and Guam have achieved in the struggle for gaining sovereignty.At the same time, they are analyzed as actions at the international level – appeal to the UN institutions, and at the national level – in the US Congress. There is more significant progress made in this regard by Puerto Rico. Unfortunately, this topic has not yet received sufficient coverage in the works of domestic researchers, although for the United States the issues of self-determination of the peoples conquered by the Americans and territories remain highly relevant and politically sensitive.”,
author = “Piksaeva, {Ksenia Igorevna} and Pobedash, {Dmitry Ivanovich}”,
year = “2016”,
language = “Russian”,
volume = “155”,
pages = “206 –216”,
journal = “Proceedings of the Ural Federal University. Series 3: Social Sciences”,
issn = “2227-2291”,
publisher = “Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education {“}Ural Federal university. the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin {“}”,
number = “11(3)”,
}
Piksaeva, KI & Pobedash, CI 2016, ‘Guam and Puerto Rico: the struggle of the US colonies for self-determination’, Bulletin of the Ural Federal University. Series 3: Social Sciences , vol. 155, No. 11(3), pp. 206-216.
Guam and Puerto Rico: the struggle of the US colonies for self-determination. / Piksaeva, Ksenia Igorevna; Pobedash, Dmitry Ivanovich.
B: Bulletin of the Ural Federal University. Series 3: Social Sciences, Vol. 155, No. 11(3), 2016, pp. 206-216.
Research result: Contribution to the journal › Article › peer review
TY – JOUR
T1 – Guam and Puerto Rico: the struggle of the US colonies for self-determination
AU – Piksaeva, Ksenia Igorevna
AU – Pobedash, Dmitry Ivanovich 9005 9005 PY – 2016
Y1 – 2016
N2 – After the victory over Spain in the war of 1898, the United States, having taken away Puerto Rico and Guam from Spain, became a colonial empire. Despite the struggle of the population of these territories for the right to self-determination, to this day both territories in many respects remain de facto US colonies. The authors of the article set the task of considering what successes Puerto Rico and Guam have achieved in the struggle for gaining sovereignty. At the same time, both actions are analyzed at the international level – an appeal to UN institutions, and at the national level – in the US Congress. More progress has been made by Puerto Rico in this regard. Unfortunately, this topic has not yet received sufficient coverage in the works of domestic researchers, although for the United States the issues of self-determination of the peoples and territories conquered by the Americans remain extremely relevant and politically painful.
AB – After the victory over Spain in the war of 1898, the United States, having taken away Puerto Rico and Guam from Spain, became a colonial empire. Despite the struggle of the population of these territories for the right to self-determination, to this day both territories in many respects remain de facto US colonies. The authors of the article set the task of considering what successes Puerto Rico and Guam have achieved in the struggle for gaining sovereignty. At the same time, both actions are analyzed at the international level – an appeal to UN institutions, and at the national level – in the US Congress.