History of san juan: San Juan, Puerto Rico

Explore 500 Years of History and Culture in Old San Juan

Founded in 1521, San Juan holds the title of oldest city in the United States, boasting more than five centuries of history spanning native Taíno, Spanish, African, and American heritages. Today, this 500-year-old city delights visitors with its rich history, vibrant creative scene, multi-cultural legacy, and mouthwatering culinary offerings.

Local artist and surfer Mauro Díaz spends his days exploring Puerto Rico by both land and sea. Born and raised in Puerto Rico, Díaz finds inspiration everywhere he looks—from the juxtaposition of historical architecture against a backdrop of crystalline sea, to the bursting present-day creativity spread across the capital city of San Juan.

Puerto Rico defines Díaz’s two passions, artwork and surfing.

Photo by Claire Murphy/@clairemrphy

500 years of inspiration

“Puerto Rico is much more than a hotel in front of the beach,” says Díaz. He recommends visitors start with a walk around Viejo San Juan, including a stop by the city’s historic fort, El Morro. Constructed in 1539 to defend the city from attacks by sea, the Spanish-built citadel stands sentinel above fortified city walls, verdant fields, and the distinctive blue cobblestones of Old San Juan.

Travelers can then venture next door, to the former 19th-century military barracks of the Cuartel de Ballajá. The barracks now house the Museo de las Américas, whose exhibits shine a light on Puerto Rico’s layered cultural heritage. For a moment of quiet, Díaz suggests people enjoy the interior courtyard, which will “make you feel miniscule… like you are in a Roman arena, surrounded by sky.”

Cuartel de Ballajá

Across the street, Museo Casa Blanca offers the oldest example of Spanish architecture in all of the U.S. territories. Initially built to house Puerto Rico’s first governor, Juan Ponce de León, today it is known for its well-preserved 16th- and 17th-century décor.

A five-minute walk south stands the Catedral de San Juan Bautista, the second-oldest church in the Americas. Immediately west, amblers encounter the cherry-red Puerta de San Juan, once the main entrance to the walled city of San Juan and today a picturesque waypoint on the seaside Paseo de la Princesa. A couple minutes south from there, La Fortaleza remains the New World’s oldest executive mansion in continuous use, serving as the governor’s residence since 1533.

Art through the ages

The city walls of San Juan.

Beyond Old Town, Díaz recommends a visit to the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico for a taste of the Island’s artistic mastery. Boasting 24 galleries and an expansive sculpture garden, the museum displays art from the 1600s to the present day, including works from local masters such as Julio Tomás Martínez, whose painting La ocupación de Utuado en 1898 inspired Díaz to explore competing colonial powers’ impacts on Puerto Rico.

Showcasing the Island’s current creativity, Pública Espacio Cultural holds exhibits featuring live performances and visual art, as well as monthly markets. El Bastión offers art shows and dance classes in Old San Juan. Galleries such as Amor Fuego, Embajada, and La Casa de los Contrafuertes offer rotating art installations.

Discovering Puerto Rico’s roots

Parque Ceremonial Indígena de Caguana

Michelle Camacho

Before the Spanish arrived in Puerto Rico in 1493, tens of thousands of native Taínos inhabited the Island, excelling at agriculture, fishing, and navigating. Now, just an hour and a half drive from San Juan, one of the most important Taíno cultural sites in the Caribbean has been unearthed in the mountain town of Utuado. Parque Ceremonial Indígena de Caguana features ceremonial plazas, petroglyphs, pottery shards, and 14th- and 15th-century limestone artifacts. “It is a mesmerizing experience to be in spaces that were sacred to the indigenous tribes,” reports Díaz.

Due south, in the city of Ponce, Hacienda Buena Vista provides an immersive view of Puerto Rico’s 19th-century coffee production. A restored historical site, this hacienda includes a Spanish colonial house, slave quarters, and coffee processing facilities, and offers tours to educate visitors about the roles that both plantation owners and enslaved people played in Puerto Rico’s coffee-producing history.

Delighting in Puerto Rico’s present

The Loíza neighborhood

LYMA RODRÍGUEZ

To celebrate Puerto Rico’s multicultural flavor, Díaz suggests visitors get a taste of the local cuisine. La Casita Blanca offers Puerto Rican dishes like cod arepas, grilled garlic shrimp, and tres leches cake. Berlingeri Cocina Artesanal prides itself on modern vegetarian specialties enhanced with local ingredients. Barrachina not only offers classic island fare, but also lays claim as the inventor of the piña colada.

In the end, the best way to celebrate San Juan’s 500-year anniversary is to “ask locals about the history of the town and hear their stories,” according to Díaz. “Have a good time, and always remember to respect the locals, the land, and the Island itself.”

History of San Juan

It’s been no easy ride for Puerto Rico, a land rich in history. Trials and tribulations have paved the historic roadways for its people. Their courage to continue to strive forward, to face new challenges and constantly battle for progress after periods of defeat and grief demonstrates the greatness of the Puerto Rican people. Archaic/Igneris Period First to 5th Centuries A.D. History has proven that the Archaics (nomadic descendants from the North American Indians) were the first inhabitants of the island we now know as Puerto Rico. Not much is known of their culture leaving very little in the way of a legacy. The Igneri people followed, sailing in from what is now Venezuela, with many skills and advancements. This civilization built advanced canoes and use the soil to make pottery. The Taíno People From 1400 to 1492 After the Igneri era, the Arawaks inhabited Puerto Rico. They were known as the Taínos, a peaceful people armed with expert agricultural skills. Historians and archaeologists have uncovered their rich culture, which is now remembered at the Tibes & Caguana Ceremonial Parks, in the municipalities of Ponce and Utuado, respectively. Many of today’s Puerto Ricans are allegedly descendants of the Taínos. European Discovery & Conquest From 1493 to 1521 On the 19th of November 1493, Christopher Colombus first sighted the western shore of Puerto Rico. Some of his Spanish crew landed, but then left shortly thereafter. It wasn’t until 1508 when Juan Ponce de León and 50 compatriots arrived, that things changed. They established a small community, called Caparra, near what is known today as Guaynabo. By 1511, the Spanish began to move to a small islet across the bay from Caparra, which they fortified. It was first called Puerto Rico, while the country itself was called San Juan. The names were later reversed, as we know them today. In 1518, due to the critical situation of lack of workers (the Taínos were exterminated, via wars and diseases), African slaves were brought to the island. The Spanish Years From 1522 to 1898 During the almost 400 years of Spanish dominance, San Juan experienced sporadic growth. Conditions of life in the city were controlled mainly by what was happening back home, on the Spanish peninsula. During this period, San Juan was heavily fortified with walled forts such as El Morro and San Cristóbal. The Spaniards suffered numerous crippling attacks by English and Dutch military units, yet San Juan remained a stronghold. During the 1800s, an independence movement took hold, with its peak in the 1868s, namely, “Grito de Lares.” This revolt attempted to free the island from Spanish dominance. By 1873, slavery was completely abolished and Spain was granting Puerto Rico autonomy, just as the Spanish-American war exploded and U.S. troops invaded the island. Enter the United States From 1899 to 1951 After the Spanish-American war, several changes were made in San Juan. No longer did the Spanish flag fly over the land as the Star-Spangled Banner was now de rigour. Governors appointed by the U. S. President lived in La Fortaleza and the little island country endured very hard times. During this period two key laws, the Foraker Act of 1900 and the Jones Act of 1917, granted Puerto Ricans self-government and American citizenship. The Prohibition and the Great Depression caused further havoc in the city with smuggling and bootlegging. Puerto Rico participated in the first and second World Wars as American citizens while screaming for autonomy. Commonwealth Era From 1952 to Today Local leader Luis Muñoz Marín had become governor of the island, thanks to a 1947 act which granted free elections for that post. At first, he promoted independence for the island, but sensing that the option would not offer the best for his people, Muñoz opted for a degree of self-autonomy is called the Estado Libre Asociado (Associated Free State), a commonwealth of the United States. Under this status, Puerto Ricans do not vote in U. S. Presidential elections nor have representation in Congress (aside from a nonvoting member) and paid no federal taxes, yet they received federal financial aid. “Operation Bootstrap,” under the leadership of Muñoz Marín’s government, converted the island’s industry from an agricultural to manufacture-based. The island, for better or worse, experienced enormous development in a number of sectors. Contemporary Puerto Rico Puerto Ricans today have the highest per-capita income in Latin America and have one of the most stable economies of the hemisphere. The standards of living are higher than most other Latin countries, but still lag behind the U.S. The island has a tri-party system; the PDP (Popular Democratic Party) defends commonwealth (the party was founded by Muñoz Marín), the NPP (New Progressive Party), advocates statehood, and the much smaller PIP (Puerto Rican Independence Party). The first two parties have constantly switched in power since 1968. Today, most Puerto Ricans enjoy prosperity and still strive to improve their standard of living. Film buffs will appreciate knowing that Puerto Rico has produced a bit of film history here — José Ferrer was born in San Juan in 1912, and famous on screens worldwide. An actor, producer and director, Ferrer won an Oscar for his performance in Cyrano de Bergerac. In 1961, the film, West Side Story launched Rita Moreno to stardom The film version won an Oscar in 1961 and became a classic Broadway musical, still loved today. Moreno was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico in 1931. Another famous actor from Puerto Rico is Raul Julia, born in San Juan in 1940. He ventured first to New York to join an acting troupe before playing Romero character in The Adams Family and roles in The Kiss of the Spider Woman, Moon over Parador, Havana, Tequila Sunrise and One from the Heart.

history, photo, how to get there, address
on the map and opening hours in 2023

Mikhail Tkach
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Gakova Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kyiv, 1001 tour

call me back

Evdokimova Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tours

Petrovsko-Razumovskaya Parus, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Tsoljak Natella
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belarusian, 1001 tour

call me back

Makhneva Maria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Voykovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Samodarovskaya Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kiev European, 1001 tour

call me back

Shevtsova Marina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Medvedkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Elena Goluzina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Water stadium, 1001 tour

call me back

Sorokin Anatoly
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tyoply Stan, 1001 tour

call me back

Chetvergova Anna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Southwestern, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Khlopkova Anna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Babushkinskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Zubkova Ruslana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Youth, 1001 tour

call me back

Julia Saprykina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Krasnogvardeiskaya Vegas, 1001 tour

call me back

Queen Tatiana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Sokolniki, 1001 tour

call me back

Fortova Margarita
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuzminki, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Kovalev Maxim
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tverskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Gorelikova Victoria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

New Cheryomushki, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Potapova Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Paveletskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Korolyov Artyom
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tula, 1001 tour

call me back

Babicheva Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Kuzminki, 1001tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Azarevich Maria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tula, 1001 tour

call me back

Nakonechny Anton
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Paveletskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Alisa Shipova
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Taganskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Maya Skoropisova
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Medvedkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Pleshko Marina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Zhulebino, 1001 tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Byvalova Maria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

River Station U River, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Kulagina Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuzminki, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Vlasova Angelica
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

River Station U River, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Starinskaya Marina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Mitino, 1001 tour

call me back

Brilenkova Ksenia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Polezhaevskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Kochetkova Valeriya
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Otradnoe, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Coal Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuznetsky most, 1001 tour

call me back

Buglak Ivan
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tverskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Anna Kulinich
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Tula, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Petukhova Margarita
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Domodedovo, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Olkhovsky Dmitry
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Ramenki, 1001 tour

call me back

Eskina Alla
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Sergeev Evgeny
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Stakhova Anna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tyoply Stan, 1001 tour

call me back

Tabagua Diana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuznetsky most, 1001 tour

call me back

Bazarov Nikolai
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Falcon, 1001 tour

call me back

Kosareva Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belyaevo, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Timofeeva Inna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Samarina Marina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

New Cheryomushki, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Karpunina Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Taganskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Julia Saprykina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tyoply Stan, 1001 tour

call me back

Antonova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Polezhaevskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Maslov Alexander
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Novogireevo, 1001 tour

call me back

Yulia Vasneva
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Kinkovich Tatiana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Salaryevo, 1001 tour

call me back

Keshishyan Anastasia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Vykhino, 1001 tour

call me back

Kovalev Vadim
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Kolomenskaya, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Zmerzlyuk Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Polezhaevskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Shugaeva Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Kuzminki, 1001tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Barkova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Novoslobodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Derbina Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

VDNH, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Nikulina Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Novoslobodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Pitsun Zhanna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Kuzminki, 1001tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Ivanova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Mitino, 1001 tour

call me back

Taran Alena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Alekseevskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Evgeniya Guseva
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belyaevo, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Margaryan Shushan
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tverskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Savateeva Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belarusian, 1001 tour

call me back

Kazakova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Rodzik Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Schukinskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Akinyaeva Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Alekseeva Oksana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kiev European, 1001 tour

call me back

Shagerbayeva Juliet
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tyoply Stan, 1001 tour

call me back

Larionova Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kantemirovskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Pogony Christina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Krylatskoe, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Rogova Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Glider, 1001 tour

call me back

Gurzhapova Leila
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Bratislava, 1001 tour

call me back

Belyaeva Xenia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Elektrozavodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Moskvina Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Bratislava, 1001 tour

call me back

Danilina Valentina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Schukinskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Guryeva Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Mitino, 1001 tour

call me back

Ilinykh Anastasia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Medvedkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Kupreeva Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Vykhino, 1001 rounds

call me back

Makarova Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Glider, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Gaboeva Bella
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belarusian, 1001 tour

call me back

Evgeny Pismenov
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Prague, 1001 tour

call me back

Luzhkova Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kyiv, 1001 tour

call me back

Lavrenyuk Anzhelika
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Babushkinskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Chaban Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Medvedkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Metelskaya Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Porokhina Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tours

Petrovsko-Razumovskaya Parus, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Popescu Daniela
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

1905 street, 1001 tour

call me back

Tavrina Anna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Salaryevo, 1001 tour

call me back

Shepeleva Tatiana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kantemirovskaya, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Kutepova Diana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Krasnogvardeiskaya Vegas, 1001 tour

call me back

Kareva Olesya
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

River Station, 1001 tour

call me back

Maksimov Pavel
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Schukinskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Sorokina Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Belarusian, 1001 tour

call me back

Gareva Oksana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Academic, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Kuvykina Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Alekseevskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Bodaeva Ludmila
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Zhulebino, 1001 tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Dmitrova Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Domodedovo, 1001 tour

call me back

Slobozhaninova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kiev European, 1001 tour

call me back

Volkova Victoria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Bratislava, 1001 tour

call me back

Mishina Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Prague, 1001 tour

call me back

Anna Polivanovskaya
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Ramenki, 1001 tour

call me back

Anna Karpova
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Zhulebino, 1001 tour/Fun&Sun (ex. TUI)

call me back

Tikhonova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Youth, 1001 tour

call me back

Ovsyannikova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Galakhova Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Maryino, 1001 tour

call me back

Bekisheva Anastasia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Mitino, 1001 tour

call me back

Stefanovskaya Daria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Polezhaevskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Goncharova Lilia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

VDNH, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Shelyagina Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Voykovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Satosova Daria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Voykovskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Naumova Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Maryino, 1001 tours

call me back

Garshina Alena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

1905 street, 1001 tour

call me back

Poghosyan Ani
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Altufyevo Spring, 1001 tour

call me back

Pavlenko Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Domodedovo, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Chekalova Larisa
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuzminki, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Lisina Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Water stadium, 1001 tour

call me back

Queen Anne
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Krasnogvardeiskaya Vegas, 1001 tour

call me back

Kalinina Margarita
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Novoslobodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Severina Inna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Paveletskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Petrikova Valeria
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Glider, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Sergeeva Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Glider, 1001 tour

call me back

Taktashova Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tyoply Stan, 1001 tours

call me back

Ivanova Anastasia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

1905 street, 1001 tour

call me back

Vorik Ilona
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

River Station U River, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Yurieva Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuznetsky most, 1001 tour

call me back

Lyzina Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kolomenskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Malysheva Anastasia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Paveletskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Laskov Maxim
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Prague, 1001 tour

call me back

Belousova Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Domodedovo, 1001 tour

call me back

Kirillov Dmitry
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kolomenskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Vaimer Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Saykina Anna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Elektrozavodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Yaremenko Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Naumova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Taganskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Gundyreva Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Shchelkovo, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Kichigina Elena
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Elektrozavodskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Mikhailova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Tula, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Bazyleva Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Skobelevskaya street, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Zakharova Inna
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

New Cheryomushki, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Oksana Sukacheva
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Alekseevskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Malkovich Regina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Water stadium, 1001 tour

call me back

Rogova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Domodedovo, 1001 tour

call me back

Afanasyeva Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kyiv, 1001 tour

call me back

Faraheeva Lilia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Youth, 1001 tour

call me back

Zakharchenko Olga
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Babushkinskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Atmakhova Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Skobelevskaya street, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Lukmanova Renata
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Southwestern, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Vakhramova Irina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Polezhaevskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Daricheva Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Bratislava, 1001 tour

call me back

Petrova Galina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Falcon, 1001 tour

call me back

Mukhambetova Rauza
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Novogireevo, 1001 tour

call me back

Arkhipova Elizaveta
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Schukinskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Pozner Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

River Station, 1001 tour

call me back

Pavlikova Julia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kuzminki, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Evgeniya Reshnikova
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Tverskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

Strelnikova Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Kantemirovskaya, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Kalinin Nikita
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

Moscow

call me back

Sarvarova Ekaterina
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Water stadium, 1001 tour

call me back

Karpukhina Natalia
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

1905 street, 1001 tour

call me back

Menyailova Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001tour

New Cheryomushki, 1001tour/Pegas

call me back

Osipova Inessa
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Skobelevskaya street, 1001 tour/Pegas

call me back

Antokhina Svetlana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tours

Petrovsko-Razumovskaya Parus, 1001 tours/Pegas

call me back

Tuzova Tatiana
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Sokolniki, 1001 tour

call me back

Grebneva Alexandra
+7 (495) 725 1001

1001 tour

Taganskaya, 1001 tour

call me back

History of the US territorial expansion / North America.

Nineteenth century

On June 15, 1859, an American settler of San Juan Island, located in the San Juan de Fuca Channel, named Lyman Katler, shot a pig that was tearing up his potato beds. This minor incident, probably, no one would ever know if it did not put the United States and England on the brink of another war.

The whole point was that the island of San Juan was divided between American and British settlers, and each side claimed its own rights to the possession of this island. The dispute over the ownership of San Juan originates in the Oregon issue, but, unlike the mainland, the Oregon Treaty not only did not resolve the San Juan dispute, but, on the contrary, fanned the coals of this smoldering fire.

“San Juan Dispute”, 1859

In the agreement of 1846, the provision for the division of the Strait of San Juan de Fuca was not clearly stated, and each side could interpret it at its discretion. The Americans claimed that the demarcation line ran along the Haro Strait, which separates San Juan from Vancouver Island. In turn, the British believed that the Rosario Strait, separating San Juan from the mainland, served as the border between the possessions. It is not difficult to see that the disputants considered this small island to be their territory. By 1859The Hudson’s Bay Company set up a small sheep and salmon farm on the island. Eighteen people came from the USA. Relations between the British and American settlers were very strained, but within the bounds of decency. The pig ruined everything.

The slaughtered animal belonged to the English settler of San Juan Charles Griffin and, according to the owner, was an elite selection and cost about 100 dollars. When Cutler refused to pay such an obviously inflated price for a trespassing pig, Griffin turned to the English authorities, who decided to arrest the pig-killer. The British considered the Americans to be illegal settlers, and the Catler case could set a precedent for their removal from the island.

The American was defended by his fellow citizens, who had also long been looking for an excuse to drive their neighbors away. It is not known whose hot head was visited by the crazy idea to call the American army to the rescue, but everyone liked the idea, and on July 27, 66 soldiers from the 9th Infantry Regiment landed on the southern tip of the island. They were commanded by the then unknown Captain George Pickett. In response to the appearance of the American military, three British warships under the command of Captain Geoffrey Hornby went to the shores of San Juan. The Governor of British Columbia, who sent the ships, ordered Captain Hornby to remove Pickett from the island while avoiding unnecessary violence.

Over the next month, the parties increased their military presence on the island. By the end of August, four hundred American soldiers, who surrounded their camp with 14 cannons and land fortifications, were opposed by five ships of Her Royal Majesty’s fleet with a total crew of two thousand people, consisting of sailors, marines, gunners and sappers.

When news of the events on the island reached the British and American leaders, they were shocked.